Willingness of the Arab Population in Israel to Adopt Household-level Climate Adaptation Measures II as 90% of the municipal area in certain localities. Furthermore, non-physical measures such as volunteering, insurance against climate hazards, or adjusting daily habits can also contribute to climate change resilience. In order for policymakers to encourage appropriate householdlevel adaptations, they need to understand existing perceptions regarding these measures, as well as possible drivers of adaptive action. This study investigates the perceptions and experiences of the Israeli Arab-Palestinian population regarding climate-related hazards, and their willingness to implement household-level adaptation measures. The study focuses on four specific measures: (1) planting trees in private yards, positioned to provide shade and cooling to public streets; (2) increasing the permeability of private yard cover to enhance stormwater management; (3) disconnecting rain gutters from sewage systems to prevent cases of sewage overflow; and (4) joining municipal volunteer Climate Action Teams to support vulnerable people in cases of climate-related emergencies. These measures were selected to address risks relevant to Arab localities, to include measures with differing levels of private vs. public benefits, and because they were considered clear enough to be understood intuitively in the context of a telephone survey. The study hypothesized that perceived self-efficacy, outcome efficacy, and social norms, which have hitherto been understudied in the context of adaptation to climate change, will be positively associated with willingness to implement each measure. A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted via telephone interviews to a sample of 566 Israeli Arab-Palestinians who were deemed representative in terms of gender and region, and fairly representative in terms of age and education.
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