METHOD Following the literature review, this research proposes six categories of urban adaptation measures, which represent the goals of urban resilience in broad social, defensive, and physical contexts: 1. Defensive Measures– Aimed at protecting both the population and urban spaces during a crisis. 2. Elemental Measures– Designed to meet the basic needs of residents during a crisis. 3. Accessibility Measures – Methods of enhancing accessibility during a crisis. 4. Public Engagement Measures– Improving public awareness of climate change and providing techniques for protecting against expected impacts. 5. Health and Well-being Measures – Methods that contribute to the health and well-being of populations to increase resilience and adaptability. 6. Empowerment Measures – Aimed at bridging existing social gaps between urban populations. FINDINGS Haifa is already significantly affected by climate change, sometimes in extreme ways, such as flooding, heatwaves, and the 2016 wildfire that consumed large areas of the city. We therefore investigated the city's preparedness for climate change and its urban resilience planning, with particular focus on the Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Preparedness Plan, initiated by the Haifa Municipality in 2021. We found that the plan is deficient in broad and significant aspects, primarily: Urban Resiliency and Social Justice: Different Social and Ethnic Groups in a Mixed City – The Case of Haifa IV
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